Multimode fiber (MMF), which can transmit multiple modes in its hair-thin cross section, is an extremely efficient medium currently used to transmit spatial information light. It is widely used in optical imaging, information transmission and so on.

    Endoscope imaging is a mature optical imaging technology. Traditional medical endoscope size is similar with fingers, when making medical examination will it into the body, the process can make patients feel unwell, although at present has painless endoscopy to choose from, but the price is more expensive, and older patients are not suitable for the use of the inspection means, so people need a small diameter endoscopic technique, thus reduce the medical imaging to the discomfort of the patients.

At present, a team of researchers from the university of Glasgow and the university of Exeter in the United Kingdom has achieved a video frame rate of 5hz to capture 3D images of objects within a range of tens of millimeters to several meters from the tip of the optical fiber. It is hoped that the system will one day be used in a variety of fields, including medical image diagnostic AIDS, industrial testing and environmental testing.

    The multi-mode optical fiber imaging system developed by the research team provides 3D images at a rate of 5hz through a 40-cm fiber. The main principle is that a single laser pulse is transmitted to each spatial position in the field of view, and the scanning time of 4,200 grating points is 200 MS per frame. The second fiber, placed next to the lighting fiber, collects backscattered light. 3D images can be recorded at a distance of tens of millimeters to several meters from the end of the fiber, with millimeter range resolution and frame rates high enough to sense motion at near-video quality.

    In the future, ultrafine multimode fiber 3D imaging could be extended to a wide range of applications, including 3D detection of difficult-to-open internal cavities, such as inside systems such as jet engines and nuclear reactors, to see if the equipment is cracked. For example, it will be easier for doctors to observe certain sticky hollow organs during surgery, and provide smaller, less invasive endoscopes.

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