How an OTDR works

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How an OTDR works

2024-04-07

OTDR indirectly measures the loss of optical cable equipment, it is differs from light sources and power meters. The source and meter copy the transmitter and receiver of a fiber optic transmission link, so measurements are closely related to actual system losses.

An OTDR works like radar—it sends pulses along an optical fiber and looks for a return signal, creating displays called “traces” or “signatures” from fiber measurements. It simply connects one end of the fiber, and the OTDR calculates fiber attenuation, uniformity, splice, and connector loss, then provides graphical traceability. Its ability to locate and measure reflectivity and loss makes the OTDR the device for troubleshooting and fault location. It also sends pulses of light energy from a laser diode to one end of the fiber. The photodiode then measures the returning light energy over time and converts it to an electrical value sampled, amplified, and displayed graphically on the screen.

The amount of light scattered back to the OTDR is proportional to the backscattering of the fiber, the peak power of the OTDR test pulse, and the length of the emitted pulse. You can increase the pulse peak power or width if you need more backscattered light to get good measurements.

High-accuracy loss measurements are critical for fiber optic infrastructure to support critical 5G and IoT services. Therefore, the measurements need to be extremely reliable and accurate. OTDR is an important investment to ensure the reliability of fiber optic networks. In today’s ever-evolving communications environment, you can be confident that top-notch and reliable performance will provide the best return on investment. A low-grade OTDR will result in higher risk and, ultimately, higher cost.

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